In this article I'm going to talk about the image composition. I must foresay that many people are able to take good shoots since they have an inner sense of composition,many others learned it little by little. About this topic, I suggest you to read the tutorial on how to train and develop the photographic eye.
The camera, unlike human eye, records everything, so, what at first may elude our sight, will be very clear in the picture,with consequent disappointment of the photographer.
So, before shooting one must attentively examine both the main subject and the minor details,in order not to have unpleasant surprises afterwords (one of the main pros of the digital technique rather then the film one, is that disturbing elements can be easily removed)
I must say that there are no fixed rules that may be (overlooked) broken. In some of the best photos ever design rules are just neglected, but unless you have a inner genius, you had better follow the guidelines.
According to my experience there are 4 main rules that are to be respected
1) Center what you're interested in.this doesn't mean that the subject of the image must be at the center of it, indeed, it's a lot better if the main subject is not centered.
2) Never divide a photo through a vertical or horizontal line crossing its center, e.g. with a pole or a tree. Moreover, the horizon line should be set above or under the center.
For example if you want to take a picture of the sea, the horizon line should never be at the center of the photo, since more importance should be given to the sky or to the water
3) If you want to take a picture of a sunset pay attention to the horizon line not to be oblique, it's awful to see a picture going up or going down. I suggest to shoot many times, until you're sure to have at least a photo with a perfectly straight horizon line.
4) Before shooting, find the best viewpoint, try to frame with the camera in horizontal position, then do the same but rotate the camera of 90°, sometimes this can be enough to change the look of a picture.
You should look for the interesting spot of the scene you want to frame and emphasize it as much as you can, by using the cutting tool during the post-production, or by exploiting the colour range difference between the the subject and the background.
With a light-coloured subject and dark background (or viceversa) you may at once attract observers' attenion.
when you look in the viewfinder, hypotetically trace four equidistant lines: two vertical lines,and two horizontal ones.
Human eye is driven to pose itself on some specific spots,called ''strongest focal points of the image'', that are generated by two lines crossing. These lines will form nine squares.
By now the main subject of your photo should be positioned in one of the crossing points.
Portraying living creatures:
One of the most commonly made mistake is framing a subject by simply putting it at the center of the framing, and not portraying it entirely.
Try to look at a the picture of a persone whose feet were not framed, and whose head was partly cut out; you will perceive a sense of nuisance.
Many people think that all you have to do is portraying a scene that in a precise moment provokes a precise emotion,and then, through that image,make other people feel the same emotion.this couldn't be more wrong.Without study, technique and experience you'll be the only one to feel something when watching a photo, and those feelings are caused by the memories conneted to that image. Photography,as many other forms of art, has its own logic and a click is not enough to convey a message to the watcher.
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Article translated by Lucia Piccioni
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